Supreme Court Directs Ground-Truthing and Demarcation of Wetlands
Why in news?
The Supreme Court has emphasized that courts cannot be passive observers when vital water bodies remain unprotected. It has directed all states and authorities to conduct physical ground-truthing and demarcation of wetlands.
Key points
- SC directed states and authorities to undertake physical ground-truthing and demarcation of wetlands.
- Water bodies are crucial for drinking water and fall under the 'right to life' (Article 21).
- Court cannot remain a spectator to unprotected water bodies.
- States granted four months to complete the ground-truthing exercise.
- Acknowledges the extensive physical work and coordination required.
Background & context
Wetlands are ecologically sensitive areas that provide critical ecosystem services, including water purification, flood control, and biodiversity support. Their protection is vital for environmental sustainability and human well-being. Article 21 of the Indian Constitution guarantees the right to life and personal liberty, which the SC has interpreted to include the right to a clean and healthy environment, encompassing access to clean water.
★ Prelims fact capsule
The Ramsar Convention is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable utilization of wetlands.
✎ Mains relevance
GS Paper III: Environment and Ecology - Conservation, environmental impact assessment, pollution, disaster management. GS Paper II: Polity - Judicial activism, environmental jurisprudence.